HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTERISTIK IBU DAN PENYULIT PERSALINAN DENGAN KEJADIAN SECTIO CAESAREA

Abstract

Prevalensi persalinan Sectio Caesarea di Kabupaten Gianyar mencapai angka 30,2% dan merupakan kejadian tertinggi kedua di Provinsi Bali setelah kabupaten Denpasar. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dan penyulit persalinan dengan kejadian Sectio Caesarea di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah data ibu bersalin yang ada di RSUD Sanjiwani Gianyar mulai Januari-Desember 2024 yang tercatat dalam buku register pasien sebanyak 988. Sampel ditentukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi diperoleh sebanyak 137 menggunakan keknik purposive sampling. Instrumen menggunakan lembar pengumpulan data yang penulis isi sendiri dan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2025. Analisis data menggunakan univariat dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara umur ibu (p=0,000), paritas (p=0,011), tempat tinggal (p=0,011), riwayat persalinan sebelumnya (p=0,038), penyulit power (p=0,000), passage-way (p=0,005), dan passenger (p=0,000) dengan kejadian persalinan SC, serta tidak terdapat hubungan antara pendidikan (p=0,066) dan pekerjaan (p=0,151) dengan kejadian persalinan SC. Umur, paritas, tempat tinggal  riwayat sebelumnya, dan penyulit power, passage-way dan passenger berhubungab dengan pemilihan metode persalinan dengan operasi sesar.

Kata kunci: karakteristik sosiodemografi ibu; penyulit persalin; sectio caesarea

The prevalence of births through Caesarean Section in Gianyar Regency has reached 30.2%. This figure represents the second-highest incidence in Bali Province, following Denpasar City. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between maternal characteristics and labor complications with the incidence of Caesarean Section at Sanjiwani Regional Hospital in Gianyar. This research is a quantitative observational study using a cross-sectional approach. The population consists of data on mothers who gave birth at Sanjiwani Hospital from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024, as recorded in the patient register, totaling 988 cases. A total of 137 samples were obtained using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. The research instrument used was a self-administered questionnaire, and the study was conducted in March 2025. Data were analyzed univariately using frequency distribution and bivariately using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed a significant relationship between maternal age (p=0.000), parity (p=0.011), place of residence (p=0.011), previous delivery history (p=0.038), labor complications related to power (p=0.000), passage-way (p=0.005), and passenger (p=0.000) with the incidence of Caesarean Section. However, there was no significant relationship between education (p=0.066) and employment status (p=0.151) with the incidence of CS. Age, parity, place of residence, previous obstetric history, and complications related to power, passage, and passenger are associated with the choice of delivery method by cesarean section.

Keywords: caesarean section; labor complications; maternal sociodemographic characteristics