EFEKTIFITAS PEMBERIAN ASI TERHADAP NYERI BAYI DENGAN TINDAKAN PENGAMBILAN SAMPEL DARAH DI RUANG PERINATOLOGI RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
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Abstract
Bayi di ruang intensif sering mendapat tindakan yang mengakibatkan nyeri. Bayi yang sering terpapar nyeri berisko mengalami gangguan perkembangan otak, syaraf dan perilaku. Pemberian ASI sebelum pengambilan darah merupakan tatalaksana nonfarmakologi yang membantu menurunkan nyeri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas pemberian ASI terhadap nyeri bayi saat pengambilan sampel darah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain quasy experiment post test control group design, dengan teknik purposive sampling dan pendekatan cross sectional. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik mann whitney. Populasi penelitian ini adalah bayi yang di rawat di ruang perinatologi RS PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta sebanyak 28 bayi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada respon fisik bayi berupa ekspresi, tangisan, pola nafas, reflek kaki tangan, tingkat kesadaran, dan nilai nadi. Kenaikan nadi berbanding lurus dengan nyeri, semakin tinggi nyeri nadinya semakin meningkat. Hasil uji mann whitney menunjukkan nilai p value 0,000 maka P < 0,05 yang artinya terdapat efektifitas pada pemberian ASI dengan nyeri bayi saat dilakukan pengambilan sampel darah, dimana kelompok kontrol mayoritas skala nyeri sedang dan kelompok intervensi mayoritas nyeri ringan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah pemberian ASI efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri bayi saat pengambilan sampel darah.
Kata kunci: ASI, nyeri bayi, nonfarmakologis, pengambilan sampel darah
Infant in intensive care often receive procedures that cause pain. Infant who are frequently exposed to pain are at risk of experiencing brain, nerve and behavioral development disorders. Giving breast milk before blood collection is a non-pharmacological treatment that helps reduce pain. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of breastfeeding on infant pain when taking blood samples. This is quantitative research, quasy experiment post test control group design, with purposive sampling techniques and a cross sectional approach, using the mann whitney statistical analysis test. there were physical responses of the baby in the form of expressions, crying, breathing patterns, hand-leg reflexes, level of consciousness, and pulse values. The increase in pulse is directly proportional to pain, the higher the pain, the more the pulse increases. The results of the Mann Whitney test show that p value of 0.000, so p value < 0.05, which means that there is effectiveness in breastfeeding for infant pain when blood samples are taken, where the majority of the control group has moderate pain scale and the intervention group has the majority of mild pain. The conclusion of this study is that breastfeeding is effective in reducing infant pain during blood sampling.
Keyword: baby pain, blood samples, breast milk, non-pharmacological
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