TINGKAT SPIRITUAL, SELF-CARE MANAGEMENT, DAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2

Abstract

Diabetes Melitus Tipe II (DMT2) adalah penyakit menahun yang dapat diderita seumur hidup. Penurunan kualitas hidup mempunyai hubungan terhadap angka kesakitan dan kematian. Salah satu yang memengaruhi kualitas hidup DMT2 adalah tingkat spiritual dan self-care management. Tujuan Penelitian: Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat spiritual dan self-care management dengan kualitas hidup penderita DMT2. Metode Penelitian: Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analitik korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi terdiri dari penderitas DM tipe 2 di salah satu RS swasta di Surabaya sebanyak 40 responden. Teknik sampling menggunakan purposive sampling sehingga didapatkan 35 responden. Instrument yang digunakan yaitu lembar kuisioner tingkat spiritual (DSES), self-care management (DSMQ) dan kualitas hidup (WHOQOLBREF). Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik rank- spearman dengan nilai p< a 0,005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar dari responden (60,0%) memiliki tingkat spiritual sedang, sebagian besar self-care management cukup (57,1%) dan hampir sebagian responden memiliki kualitas hidup yang tinggi (37,1%). Hasil uji Rank Spearman dari tingkat spiritual dan kualitas hidup didapatkan nilai p value 0,002, dan self-care management dan kualitas hidup didapatkan p value 0,005 yang berarti bahwa ada hubungan antara tingkat spiritual dan self-care management dengan kualitas hidup penderita diabetes mellitus. Kesimpulan: Pasien DMT2 diharapkan untuk meningkatkan tingkat spiritual dan self-care management sehingga dapat mencapai kualitas hidup yang baik.

Kata kunci: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, kualitas hidup, self-care management, tingkat spiritual

Diabetes Mellitus Type II (DMT2) is a chronic disease that can be suffered throughout life. The decline in quality of life is related to morbidity and mortality rates. One of the things that affects the quality of life of T2DM is the level of spirituality and self-care management. The Aim of the Study: This study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual level and self-care management with the quality of life of DMT2 sufferers. Subjects and Method: The design used in this study is correlational analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The population consists of 40 respondents with type 2 DM in a private hospital in Surabaya. The sampling technique used purposive sampling so that 35 respondents were obtained. The instruments used were spiritual level questionnaire sheets (DSES), self-care management (DSMQ), and quality of life (WHOQOLBREF). Data analysis used the rank-Spearman statistical test with a p-value < 0.005. Results: the results showed that most of the respondents (60.0%) had a moderate spiritual level, most of the self-care management was sufficient (57.1%) and almost all of the respondents had a high quality of life (37.1%). The results of the Spearman Rank test of the spiritual level and quality of life obtained a p-value of 0.002, and self-care management and quality of life obtained a p-value of 0.005 which means that there is a relationship between the spiritual level and self-care management with the quality of life of diabetes mellitus sufferers. Conclusion: DMT2 patients are expected to increase their spiritual level and self-care management to achieve a good quality of life.

Keyword: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, quality of life, self-care management, spiritual levels.