KEKERASAN VERBAL IBU MEMPENGARUHI PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN ANAK
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Abstract
Latar belakang: pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak merupakan peristiwa yang terjadi selama proses pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang dapat terjadi secara fisik, intelektual, maupun emosional. Permasalahan tumbuh kembang yang berhubungan dengan mental salah satunya adalah aspek perkembangan kognitif dengan fungsi intelektual. Berdasarkan data UNICEF (United for Children) pada tahun 2016 bahwa 80% anak usia 2-14 tahun pernah mengalami kekerasan baik itu berbentuk fisik maupun psikologis dimana 62% kekerasan terhadap anak terjadi di lingkungan terdekat yaitu keluarga dan lingkungan sekolah, selebihnya 38% di ruang publik. Sedangkan di masa pandemic kasus kekerasan verbal pada anak semakin meningkat, hal inilah yang menjadi urgensi dari penelitian tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui keterkaitan kekerasan verbal ibu dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Subyek dan metode: metode penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan studi deskriptif korelasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di PAUD/TK ABA Kasihan Bantul pada bulan April-Juni 2022. Populasi pada penelitian yaitu siswa PAUD/TK ABA yang berjumlah 32 anak. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang berumur 4-5 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa perilaku kekerasan verbal dengan tumbuh kembang yang tidak normal lebih banyak 17 anak dibandingkan dengan tumbuh kembang anak yang tidak normal sebanyak 1 anak. Sedangkan ibu yang tidak melakukan kekerasan verbal dengan tumbuh kembang normal lebih banyak sebesar 9 anak di bandingkan dengan ibu yang melakukan kekerasan verbal dengan tumbuh kembang anak normal sebesar 5 anak. Hasil uji bivariat nilai p-value sebesar 0,000 artinya p-value < 0,005 dengan kesimpulan ada keterkaitan antara kekerasan verbal ibu dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak. Kesimpulan: kontribusi penelitian ini yaitu bagi ibu dan orang tua di harapkan lebih memperhatikan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak dengan pola asuh yang benar.
Kata kunci: kekerasan verbal ibu, pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak
Bacground: child growth and development are events that occur during the process of child growth and development which can occur physically, intellectually, and emotionally. One of the developmental problems related to mental development is the aspect of cognitive development with intellectual function. Based on data from UNICEF (United for Children) in 2016 that 80% of children aged 2-14 years have experienced violence both physically and psychologically where 62% of violence against children occurs in the immediate environment, namely the family and school environment, the remaining 38% in the public. Meanwhile, during a pandemic, cases of verbal abuse in children increased, this is the urgency of this research. The aim of the study: the aim of the research was to find out the correlation between mother's verbal violence and child's growth and development. Subjects and method : this research method uses a type of quantitative research with a descriptive correlation study. This research was conducted at ABA Kindergarten/PAUD Kasihan Bantul in April-June 2022. The population in the study were ABA PAUD/TK students, totaling 32 children. The sample in this study were students aged 4-5 years who met the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique in this study is total sampling. The results of the study stated that there were 17 children with abnormal growth and development of verbal violence compared to 1 child with abnormal growth and development. Results: meanwhile, mothers who did not commit verbal violence with normal growth and development were 9 more children compared to mothers who did verbal violence with normal child development of 5 children. The results of the bivariate test have a p-value of 0.000, meaning that the p-value is <0.005 with the conclusion that there is a link between mother's verbal abuse and child growth and development. Conclusion : the contribution of this research is that mothers and parents are expected to pay more attention to the growth and development of children with the right parenting style.
Keywords: mother's verbal violence, child growth and development
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