HUBUNGAN KECEMASAN MASYARAKAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DENGAN KUALITAS HIDUP

Abstract

Latar belakang : jumlah kasus Covid-19 dan/atau jumlah kematian semakin meningkat, hal ini berdampak pada aspek politik, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, pertahanan dan keamanan, serta kesejahteraan masyarakat di Indonesia. Kondisi wabah penyakit akan menyebabkan orang merasa khawatir dan tertekan. Berbagai dampak yang dialami masyarakat dari segi ekonomi maupun psikologis yang dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Melihat kejadian tersebut, maka peneliti memandang perlu untuk melakukan penelitian tentang hubungan kecemasan masyarakat pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dengan kualitas hidup.

Tujuan : mengetahui hubungan kecemasan dengan kualitas hidup masyarakat pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Desa Bolopleret Kecamatan Juwiring, Klaten.

Metode : desain penelitian ini adalah korelasional. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 86 yang diambil dengan teknik simple random sampling. Kecemasan diukur menguunakan instrumen HRSA sedangkan kualitas hidup diukur menggunkan instrumen WHOQOL-BREF. Data yang sudah terkumpul dilakukan analisa menggunakan uji Spearman Rho.

Hasil : terdapat 46,7% masyarakat yang mengalami kecemasan dengan kategori kecemasan ringan  sebanyak 11 responden (12,2%), kecemasan sedang sebanyak 13 responden (14,4%) dan kecemasan berat sebanyak 18 responden (20%). Responden yang tidak mengalami kecemasan, mayoritas memiliki kualitas hidup baik, yaitu sebesar 70,83%. Sedangkan responden yang mengalami kecemasan baik ringan, sedang, maupun berat, mayoritas memiliki kualitas hidup sedang. Semakin berat tingkat kecemasan maka semakin banyak responden yang memiliki kualitas hidup sedang, bahkan kualitas hidup buruk. Responden yang mengalami kecemasan sedang memiliki kualitas hidup sedang sebanyak  61,54% dan responden yang mengalami kecemasan berat semakin banyak yang memiliki kualitas hidup sedang, yaitu sebanyak 83,33%. Hasil analisa statistik menggunakan uji Spearman rho didapatkan nilai p=0,000 dan nilai r_s=-0,647.

Kesimpulan : terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kecemasan dengan kualitas hidup yang bersifat negatif, artinya semakin tinggi nilai kecemasan maka semakin rendah kualitas hidup atau sebaliknya, semakin rendah kecemasan maka semakin tinggi kualitas hidup.

Kata kunci : Covid-19, kecemasan, kualitas hidup

Background : the number of Covid-19 cases and/or the number of deaths is increasing, this has an impact on political, economic, social, cultural, defense and security aspects, as well as the welfare of the people in Indonesia. An epidemic condition will cause people to feel worried and depressed. The various impacts experienced by the community can cause problems both from an economic and psychological perspective that can affect the quality of life. Seeing this incident, the researchers considered it necessary to conduct research on the relationship of anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic with quality of life

Purpose: Knowing the relationship of community anxiety in the Covid-19 pandemic with the quality of life

Methods : the design of this research is correlational. The number of samples was 86 which were taken using simple random sampling technique. Anxiety was measured using the HRSA instrument while quality of life was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF instrument. The data that has been collected is analyzed using the Spearman rho test.

Result : there are 46.7% of people who experience anxiety with mild anxiety category as many as 11 respondents (12.2%), moderate anxiety as many as 13 respondents (14.4%) and severe anxiety as many as 18 respondents (20%). Respondents who do not experience anxiety, the majority have a good quality of life, there are 70.83%. Meanwhile, the majority of respondents who experienced mild, moderate, and severe anxiety had a moderate quality of life. The heavier the level of anxiety, the more respondents have a moderate quality of life, even worse quality of life. Respondents who experience moderate anxiety have a moderate quality of life as much as 61.54% and respondents who experience severe anxiety have more moderate quality of life, which is 83.33%. The results of statistical analysis using the Spearman rho test obtained p value = 0.000 and value of r_s=-0,647.

Conclusion : there is a significant relationship between anxiety and quality of life which is negative relationship, meaning that the higher the anxiety, the lower the quality of life, otherwise, the lower the anxiety, the higher the quality of life.

Keywords: anxiety, Covid-19, quality of life