EDUKASI PEMERIKSAAN ANTROPOMETRI, PEMERIKSAAN TANDA-TANDA VITAL DAN PRAKTIK 5 MEJA POSYANDU BAGI SISWA SMK GIRI HANDAYANI

Abstract

Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang signifikan, dengan prevalensi nasional Indonesia sebesar 19,8% pada tahun 2024. Penguasaan keterampilan pemeriksaan antropometri, tanda-tanda vital, dan sistem 5 meja Posyandu merupakan kompetensi esensial bagi siswa SMK jurusan kesehatan sebagai bekal deteksi dini masalah gizi di masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan siswa SMK Giri Handayani dalam pemeriksaan antropometri, tanda-tanda vital, dan pelaksanaan sistem 5 meja Posyandu. Metode yang digunakan meliputi ceramah, demonstrasi, dan praktik langsung, dengan evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test pada 67 peserta. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan dari 67,16 (SD 9,82) menjadi 85,82 (SD 8,73), dengan hasil uji paired sample t-test yang bermakna secara statistik (t=18,75; p<0,001). Proporsi peserta berkategori pengetahuan baik meningkat dari 20,9% menjadi 89,6%, dan tidak ditemukan lagi peserta berkategori kurang. Peserta juga mampu mempraktikkan pengukuran antropometri, tanda vital, dan alur pelayanan 5 meja Posyandu dengan baik. Disimpulkan bahwa edukasi disertai demonstrasi dan praktik langsung efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan dasar kesehatan masyarakat pada siswa SMK, sekaligus memperkuat bekal kompetensi mereka sebagai calon tenaga kesehatan maupun kader kesehatan remaja.

Kata kunci: antropometri; lima meja Posyandu; pengetahuan; siswa; tanda-tanda vital

Stunting remains a significant public health issue, with Indonesia's national prevalence reaching 19.8% in 2024. Mastery of anthropometric measurement, vital sign assessment, and the Posyandu five-table system constitutes an essential competency for vocational high school (SMK) health students in supporting early detection of nutritional problems in the community. This community service activity aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of SMK Giri Handayani students in anthropometric measurement, vital signs examination, and implementation of the Posyandu five-table system. The methods applied included lectures, demonstrations, and hands-on practice, evaluated through pre-test and post-test administered to 67 participants. Results showed an increase in mean knowledge scores from 67.16 (SD 9.82) to 85.82 (SD 8.73), with a statistically significant paired sample t-test result (t=18.75; p<0.001). The proportion of participants in the good knowledge category rose from 20.9% to 89.6%, and no participants remained in the poor category after the intervention. Participants were also able to competently practice anthropometric and vital sign measurements as well as the Posyandu five-table service flow. It is concluded that education combined with demonstration and direct practice effectively improved public health knowledge and basic skills among vocational high school students, while strengthening their competency as prospective health workers and adolescent health cadres.

Keywords: anthropometry; five Posyandu service tables; knowledge; students; vital signs